The control and monitoring of food are fundamental to a diabetic.
Posted on July 24, 2008
Filed Under diabetes |
The food represents a real treatment, the same way that physical activity and medication. The monitoring of food can avoid major changes in blood glucose levels and prevent the onset of diabetes complications (cardio-vascular, kidney, eye…)
The recommended diet for diabetics is identical to that recommended by a majority of people.
The general principles of food a diabetic
Do not strict regime
Being able to eat everything
Have a varied and balanced diet
Eating a reasonable amount
Do not count calories consumed obsessionnellement. Take the advice of a nutritionist or a dietitian, with the consent of her diabetologist.Avoid isolated consumption of food rich in sugar
Respect for each meal proportions of various categories of food needed:
40 to 50% carbohydrate
15% protein
30 to 45% fat
Never consume sugar cube except where exceptional situation requires it (for example hypoglycemia)
Respecting the total amount of carbohydrates allowed
Controlling his weight in patients with type II diabetes, weight loss, what it is, improves glucose
Pace meals: split meals is essential to maintain a good balance of blood sugar
Make 3 main meals as well as 1 or 2 snacks
Take his meals regularly
Do not skip meals
Eating vegetables and fruits at every meal
Consume starchy foods at each meal, lunch and dinner
Combine vegetables and starches
Avoid sugar-rich products
Prefer lean meats
Eating fish at least 2 or 3 times a week
Consumption of carbohydrates in the divided on the day that the carbohydrate intake should reflect the needs of the organization and your physical activity
Vary food
Make a true breakfast
Drinking water in sufficient quantity
Avoid sugary drinks, large providers sugar
Reduce consumption of cooked dishes
The food focus
The starchy foods: bread, biscuits, pasta, rice, semolina, potatoes, flour, pulses, legumes (lentils, beans, chickpeas, split peas, lentils)
The greens
Fruits: one per day
The fish: at least 2 times per week
Poultry
The vegetable oils rather than butter or cream
The dishes cooked with steam, or grilled in foil
Drinks
Water: drink at least one litre per day. Increasing consumption during severe heat or during sporting activity
Choose Soda “light”
Coffee, tea, infusions can be consumed without sugar or with a sweetener
Think lemon juice, but without adding sugar
Do not forget vegetable juices, but avoid those containing carrots and beets
Carbohydrates: eat carbohydrates in each meal (bread, starchy foods, fruit…)
Carbohydrates that act directly on blood sugar are recommended: they must be consumed in reasonable amounts during each meal.
Do not remove bread and starchy
Knowing the amount of carbohydrates consumed at each meal
A balanced diet should provide 50 to 55% of calories in the form of carbohydrate
Think about reducing pastries…
It is possible to consume sugar, but in limited quantity and at the end of a meal
: Avoid eating cakes at the tasting, when a small hollow appear.
The glycemic index: speed of movement of sugar in the blood Carbohydrates contained in various foods are not absorbed at the same speed: indeed, each food has its glycemic index.
The glycemic index measures the speed of absorption of carbohydrates and is used to measure the effect of a food hyperglycaemic
More food increases blood sugar, the glycemic index is high
The glycemic index foods are gradually low blood sugar
Foods high glycemic index cause a rapid rise in blood sugar.
It is advised to limit consumption of foods with high glycemic index outside certain situations requiring, for example in cases of hypoglycemia
Some foods with high glycemic index: sugar, bread, potatoes, meal, carrots, honey, candy, jam, pastry …
It is possible to eat bread, food high glycemic index, but a reasonable amount. Indeed, sugar made by 50 g of bread is equivalent to that provided by 5 pieces of sugar
Some foods glycemic index means: fruit, pasta, fruits such as cherries, plums, apples, oranges contain carbohydrates that raise blood sugar very slowly
Some foods with low glycemic index: dairy products, legumes (beans, lentils…)
To learn more about foods and their glycemic index: http://fderad.club.fr/indexgly.htm
Lipids
The consumption of fat is permitted with caution.
Lipids are about 2 times more calories than carbohydrates.
Reduce deli
Consuming meat less fat as white meat
Prefer fish to meat
Increase vegetables
Reduce sauce
Reduce the amount of cheese
Learn to cook without fat: steam oven, bain marie, grill, microwave…
The proteins
The protein intake should provide approximately 15% of total caloric intake.
Animal protein: meat, fish, dairy products…
Vegetable proteins: cereals, pasta, rice, bread
Some plants also provide proteins such as pulses, soybean
Food discouraged
Sugar with a “glycemic index” high sugar, sweets, jam, honey, pastries, ice cream, sorbet, fruit confit, pulp of fruit, cream brown, compote canned laitage sweet, soft drink, syrup, fruit juice … Unless they are sweetened with a sweetener
The animal fats: butter, fresh cream thick, lard, ham, fatty meat, cheese, egg yolk…)
The very salty foods (meats, biscuits aperitif…)
The fried foods, sauces…
Alcohol
Some products without sugar “, which contain almost sugar than other products like jam without sugar or chocolate” light “.
If you’re hungry
When you have a small hollow, it is advisable to choose among these foods
1 plain yogurt or sweet with the aspartame
1 slice of ham
1 hard-boiled egg
1 white poultry
1 or 2 tomatoes, carrots, radishes
Some tips for eating well when you are diabetic
Consuming mushrooms containing little carbohydrate
Prefer legumes such as lentils
Consuming basmati rice with the glycemic index is lower than the white rice
Season dishes with lemon juice which lowers the rate of blood sugar (dishes and salads)
Think also to prepare lemon juice, add sugar with mineral water.
Consuming fibre: fibre can reduce the speed of passage of sugar in the blood
Green Vegetables
Grains unrefined: oats or wheat
Pulses
For more information: The IG anti diabetes (Anne Dufour and Helena Duret, Leduc editions)
Alcohol and diabetes
Alcohol contains sugar, and can cause an increase in blood sugar.
Alcohol contributes to the increase in weight gain.
It is possible to consume alcohol when you are diabetic, but by adopting certain rules and drinking in limited quantities.
: Alcohol contains a significant number of calories contained in a low volume.
The beer and digestive contain more sugar than whisky or vodka, for example. The risks caused by alcohol when one is diabétiqueL’alcool increases the risk of hypoglycemia
These risks can arise when consumed moderate amounts of alcohol.
They can extend several hours after taking alcohol, for a period of approximately 12 to 18 hours: drink alcohol in the evening, for example, increases the risk of hypoglycemia until after twelve o’clock
This risk is increased if alcohol is consumed without food and fasting.
: A non-alcoholic beer contains more sugar than normal beer and are very rich in carbohydrates.
Quantity of alcohol advised
2 glasses of alcohol per day maximum for men are recommended and 1 drink per day for women
1 glass of wine of 120 ml is equivalent to a glass of beer, 250 ml (a half of beer) or a glass of drink 50 ml
1 litre of wine at 10 degrees gd’alcool provides 80 per litre, or 10 g for a glass of 130 ml
1 litre of beer at 5 degrees gd’alcool provides 40 per litre, or 10 grams in a glass of 250 ml
Knowing signs of hypoglycemia
A diabetic person who consumes alcohol must recognize the signs of hypoglycemia can occur and measures to cope with it.
Contra-indications of alcohol
Pregnancy
Breastfeeding
Track alcoholism
History of episodes of severe hypoglycemia
Driving
Some drugs
History of pancreatitis
Neuropathy
Rates of high blood triglycerides…
The natural products and diabetes
Consuming products “natural” when you are diabetic may represent certain risks inherent to diabetes itself and / or treatment of the disease.
The preparations sold without a prescription, herbal, natural products, food supplements, vitamins, minerals or products sold without a prescription can have repercussions.
Do not take any product whatsoever without the advice of a doctor or a pharmacist: ginger, garlic or wort, for example, can interact with for example certain treatments prescribed for diabetics
Avoid self -
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