The examinations during pregnancy
Posted on August 26, 2008
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The blood tests
A blood taken is the first review of pregnancy.
It allows: Doser hormone HCG which is used to confirm the status of the blood group grossesseConnaître
A rhesus negative means that the mother can develop antibodies against her baby if it is Rhesus positive.
The immunization occurs most often during childbirth. There is no risk during the first pregnancy. The risk occurs during pregnancy following a miscarriage or a voluntary interruption of pregnancy.The determination of blood type is done during the first prenatal examinations.
A second blood group determination is made during the 8th or 9th month of pregnancy.
The search for antibodies irregular s’effectué during the 6th and 8th months (or 9th) months of pregnancy if the mother has type rhesus negative or if it has previously been transfused.
A preventive treatment in the form of an injection of a vaccine within 72 rhesus H after delivery is made after each pregnancy.
Check protection against toxoplasmosis A lack of antibodies against toxoplasmosis means that the mother is not immune against toxoplasmosis: a blood test must be carried out each month to verify that the mother has not contacted the disease.
Establish rules of hygiene: washing hands regularly, rinse fruit and vegetables…
Check protection against syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease that can contaminate the baby
Check protection against HIV (AIDS) This test is not mandatory strongly recommended and accepted by more than 90% of pregnant women.
A woman who does not know that she is a carrier of HIV virus has a chance of 4 to transmit the virus to her child. If the diagnosis is made, treatment avoids the risk of transmission and reduced the risk is less than one in 100.
Check protection against hepatitis BCe test is recommended during the 6th month: The infection is easily passed to baby
A test meaning that the mother is a carrier of hepatitis B, without provoking demonstrations if the disease is not declared, can vaccinate the baby immediately after delivery room birth and vaccinate other members of the family.
A numeration blood and speed sédimentation.Cet blood test is done during the 6th month of pregnancy, but it may be more précocément if, for example, a risk of infection or anemia is suspected. Check RubéoleLa protection against the presence of antibodies means that the mother is immune.
Rubella can cause malformations of the fetus.
Adviser to the mothers to make a determination of blood when they decide to have a baby and vaccinate at this time if there were no antibodies, the absence of antibodies mean that the test is negative .
A negative test during pregnancy, reflecting the absence of antibody, makes it necessary for a vaccination after childbirth.
If a blood assay reveals that the mother contacted rubella during pregnancy, surveillance is established.
Consult a doctor in case of an eruption during a pregnancy a woman who is not vaccinated.
Track gestational diabetes at 28 weeks of pregnancy, roughly during the 6th month, making a determination of blood glucose: The test optional gestational diabetes is offered to women with risk factors (overweight, family history of diabetes, Women aged over 40 years, women from Asia, North Africa, West Indies, history of birth defects or fetal death…).
Women developing diabetes have a risk of giving birth to a baby bigger and have a more difficult childbirth.
Pregnancy and diabetes: gestational diabetes Track trisomy 21 This test can assess the risk that the child is carrying trisomy 21. If this positive test, amniocentesis can be offered.
The urine tests
The urine tests can seek
The presence of sugar, which can refer to diabetes and must be confirmed by a blood test.
The presence of albumin, which may be a sign of toxaemia, including a condition involving high blood pressure, swelling and can lead to severe complications.
The presence of germs demonstrating a urinary tract infection, which must be addressed.
Ultrasound: One of the most important moments of pregnancy
The ultrasound examination remains essential to monitor pregnancy, detect defects, make measurements of the baby, check the position of the placenta and for many parents, to determine the sex of the child.
Ultrasound is an important moment of pregnancy because it was during that review that prospective parents discover that their baby is present in its mother’s womb, that his heart beats…
But ultrasound is also a lot of anxiety for parents who fear that defects are discovered during the examination.
The ultrasound is performed with an ultrasound probe placed on the belly of the mother. A gel is applied to the surface of the stomach in order to facilitate the transmission of ultrasound.
Ultrasound issued to reflect differently depending on the density of tissue.
They are then transformed into signals a computer system and broadcast on a video screen in the form of images.
The mother must be informed that ultrasound can not detect any anomalies. A normal obstetrical ultrasound does not 100% that the child at birth will not present any anomaly because the review does not always diagnose all morphological abnormalities.
It is advisable not to put moisturizing cream in the days preceding the ultrasound. In addition, it is preferable to keep the full bladder because it provides a better image quality. </ p>
The dates ultrasound: three ultrasounds are recommended
The first ultrasound is recommended at 12 weeks of gestation This ultrasound can be
Controlling the development of the foetus by comparing data obtained with a curve type (examination of members and the proportion of the head, measure the top of the crane coccyx…)
Knowing the exact date of pregnancy
Locate the existence of several fetuses
Track certain malformations
Track the risk of chromosomal abnormalities
Locate the placenta
To reassure the normality of the child…
In some cases, a review doppler may be prescribed: This review can measure the flow in blood vessels of the uterus and umbilical cord, the size of the umbilical cord, uterine artery or cerebral artery of the fetus . The second ultrasound, known as ultrasound morphology, is scheduled between 20 and 22 weeks It analyzes in detail the anatomy of the fetus
It allows you to search for possible malformations.
It allows very often discover the sex of the baby: 70% of couples would like to know the sex of their child before birth.
It specifies the location of the placenta and fetal growth.
The latest ultrasound is between 32 and 34 weeks environLa third ultrasound allows
To detect abnormalities and deformities unidentified during the previous ultrasound.
To detect stunted fetus.
To clarify the position of the baby in the womb.
It is possible to perform an ultrasound at any time of pregnancy in cases of suspected anomalies.
The Diagnostic Ultrasound
When an abnormality is suspected in an ultrasound screening or where there is a significant risk of fetal abnormality, it is necessary to do another ultrasound, known as “diagnostic ultrasound.”
These diagnostic ultrasound scans are carried out by the Centers multidisciplinary Prenatal Diagnostic.
The ultrasound scans carried out under strict medical and dispensing of ultrasound have no implication for the fetus.
The ultrasound comfort
Beware of private companies which perform ultrasounds memories, using ultrasound equipment identical to those of doctors. These ultrasounds are not recommended by the French Agency for Health Safety of Health Products (Afsspas) in order not to unnecessarily expose the fetus to ultrasound.
The ultrasound fetal they are all of good quality?
A practice of ultrasound not always adequate obstetrical ultrasound may be performed by radiologists, doctors, gynecologists obstetricians, midwives and other doctors.
There is still no mandatory qualifications necessary for the practice of ultrasound.
The quality of ultrasound can sometimes be uneven. As a doctor, not enough experienced very little performing fetal ultrasound, can not detect a malformation that would have been diagnosed by a doctor practising enough fetal ultrasounds.
The experience of practitioners and the quality of its equipment are essential for realizing ultrasound good reliability.
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