Weight, Food and pregnancy
Posted on July 26, 2008
Filed Under Weight Control |
A pregnant woman may have enough to eat throughout her pregnancy.
The weight gain during pregnancy varies from one woman to another.
It seems now accepted that the weight of the baby is related to the weight of the usual mom and his BMI, body mass index before the beginning of her pregnancy.
It is therefore important to convince women who want a child to monitor their weight and make a regime, if necessary, when making this decision.The consultation preconceptuelle increasingly recommended as soon as the decision to conceive a child, of course addresses the problems of overweight before pregnancy.
Risks of women with overweight or obesity
During pregnancy, these women may have:
An outbreak of hypertension
A gestational diabetes
An increased risk of caesarean
An increased risk of phlebitis
An increased risk of problems involving transfer baby resuscitation
A woman whose BMI is understood between 18.5 and 25 in the months before her pregnancy is likely to give birth to a child of normal weight.
For women of normal weight, the average is around 12 kg.
The weight gain is 3 to 4 kilos for most pregnant women with twins.
The weight gain depends on the shape, size and weight usual. It is often more important in women thinner and less important among women rather strong.
In early pregnancy, 33% of calories are needed to form the placenta and increasing volume of breast and uterus.
A balanced diet can normally cover the energy needs of a pregnant woman.
The weight gain during pregnancy is gradual
It is moderate in the first quarter as the baby grows very little during this period.
It then progresses from the 4th month: gaining weight ranges from 4 to 5 kilos during the first half of pregnancy.
It is more important late in pregnancy because the baby grows further, to 12 kilos at birth.
The mother must consult quickly if it takes more weight or if it loses.
The weight is carried out surveillance at least twice a month, in the morning on an empty stomach and always on the same scale.
when weight gain is high, it is necessary to consult the doctor who follows the pregnancy.
Monitor your diet without depriving and not eat for two
A pregnant woman should not decide alone to start a scheme: all systems are contrindiques during pregnancy, except those prescribed by a doctor at the onset, for example, a gestational diabetes.
To monitor and diversify its food
Do not deprive ourselves and not restrict their diet to avoid deficiencies to the fetus and the mother. .
A healthy and balanced diet is recommended.
Do not double caloric intake
Increasing consumption of certain nutrients essential for growth and development of the fetus.
A woman with problems of overweight or obesity, excessive thinness or diabetes should consult a doctor nutritionist.
Never start regime without medical advice.
To have the pleasure and avoid excesses
Reduce consumption of tea and coffee.
Do not skip meals
Make 4 or 5 balanced meals each day: breakfast, snack around 11 am, lunch, snack, dinner
Take a real breakfast
Having in mind the famous maxim “eat twice better and not two times more”
Consuming 5 fruits and vegetables each day
Consuming fruit in the form of fruit juice a hurry or without sugar for breakfast or snack
Do not snack between meals
Eat slowly chewing quietly
Calcium, iron and Vit D may be prescribed in cases of food deficiency identified.
Much caution is needed if the previous pregnancy has occurred less than 2 years ago, if a strict regime has been made in the weeks preceding the start of pregnancy if the mother is overweight or too skinny when there diabetes….
The food supplements or fortified products for pregnant women
The supplements consist mainly of vitamins, minerals or antioxidants which take the form of pills, capsules, teas or bulbs.
They are not recommended for pregnant women.
The dietary supplements are useless or may even represent a risk.
Preventing your doctor if you choose to consume
A pregnant woman in good health, without waiting particular, did not necessarily need to consume dietary supplements, without taking the advice of his doctor. The VIT A, for example, can cause malformations.
Treatment with folic acid: see from the decision to schedule a child during the consultation preconceptuelle
A treatment of folic acid can reduce the risk neurological malformations of the fetus.
Indeed, a deficiency of folic acid can cause a lack of neural tube closure of the fetus.
Women pregnant with twins, does not adequately feeding, or those who have had several close pregnancies are particularly vulnerable.
According to the recommendations of the High Authority of health, it is advisable to start this treatment before conception, ie from the time of the judgement of contraception. The duration of treatment will be determined by the doctor.
It lasts an average of 8 weeks after the beginning of pregnancy.
Drinking water in sufficient quantity
Drinking a lot, between 1.5 and 2 liters of water per day
The absorption of water can reduce the risk of urinary tract infection and constipation
After the birth of a baby, we must continue to drink plenty of water, especially when breastfeeding.
make a glass of milk in the evening before going to bed
Foods which must be given priority
Calcium Calcium is essential for bone health and for the formation of the skeleton of a baby.
It is made with milk and dairy products.
It is advisable to consume three or four dairy products per day, roughly one at each meal, in the form of milk, cheese, yogurt, cottage cheese
1 glass of milk equals 1 yoghurt of 125 grams or 20 grams of cheese.
Do not consume food supplements containing calcium.
Vitamin D Vit D increases the possibilities of the body to absorb calcium from food.
The need for vitamin D are doubled during pregnancy, in order to establish those Baby.
The VIT D is synthesized by the body primarily through the action of sunlight on the skin.
The VIT D is present in fatty fish, salmon, sardines, liver, eggs and dairy products.
It is recommended to make the VIT D to all pregnant women A single dose of an ampoule VITD is advised at the beginning of 6e e or 7 months, during which the baby grows more and manufactures its backbone.
Pregnant women often lack VIT D especially late in pregnancy and winter.
The VIT D is only prescribed by the doctor and the midwife. The FerUn adequate intake of iron is essential, especially late in pregnancy, in order to avoid a risk of reduced red blood cells to cause anemia, a situation which could increase the risk of prematurity, low-weight baby .
Consuming regular foods that contain iron should be sufficient in general: eggs, fish and meat and pulses, lentils, beans, chick peas, oilseeds, spinach…
Eat at least twice a week of fish in all its forms and in the form of canned food, like sardines, tuna, mackerel…
Consuming lemon, oranges, grapefruits, which contain the VIT C, vitamin allowing the absorption of iron.
The broccoli is a food providing the most vitamin C.
A treatment based on iron can be prescribed if the iron intake is insufficient.
The doctor or midwife may prescribe an iron supplement if anemia is found. Do not take iron in the form of drug or fortified foods or food supplements. It may be harmful in the case of hypertension, diabetes or if tobacco was not interrupted. The folate or vitamin B9: The green vegetables are rich in Vitamin B9 involved in the development of the fetus.
Spinach, watercress, chicory, dandelion, corn salad, melon, chestnuts, walnuts, chickpea Lettuce, green salad, endive, kale, leeks, artichokes, green beans, peas, radishes, asparagus, beets, zucchini, lawyers, lentils, eggs, cheese, carrots, tomatoes, onions, but peppers… * Bananas, kiwifruit, red fruit, dates, figs
A deficiency in vitamin B9 can lead to abnormal development of the placenta, stunted fetal growth and neurological abnormalities and an increased risk of prematurity. A treatment of VIT B9 is advised before conception, dice stopping contraception and continues until the end of the second month of pregnancy. The iodeL’iode is indispensable for the functioning of the thyroid gland and proper brain development of the baby.
Iodine can be found:
In crustaceans, fish sea
Milk and milk products
Eggs
Iodized salt
The doctor must sometimes prescribe medication in case of iodine deficiency. The glucidesLes carbohydrates constitute the bulk of food fetus. Consuming sugar slow as starchy foods, cereals and bread for example.
The proteinesLes proteins are often found in meat, fish, eggs and dairy products. The fruits The fruits are consumed without moderation FibresLa The amount of fiber is 2 times higher in the bread than in white bread. The poissonLe fish is a food which must be given priority
It provides adequate amounts of iodine, selenium, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and especially in omega 3, substances essential for the proper development of babies and the construction of his brain
Tuna, sardines, mackerel, herring…
Avoid river fish such as eels, which can make mercury.
Food and beverages should be avoided
It is advised to limit consumption of certain foods.
Tea, coffee, coca-cola…
The soy products and soy: These products contain plant estrogens that may have repercussions in infants. By caution it is recommended to limit consumption of these foods to a maximum per day and totally avoid dietary supplements containing.
Alcohol and tobacco are absolutely avoid: they increase the risk of prematurity and low weight of the child at birth.
Reduce consumption of butter, oils…
The liver: It is advisable to avoid consuming liver because the livers of animals contain high concentrations of VIT A may represent a risk to the fetus.
Avoid dishes too spicy, seasoned or too rich in fat
Moderate consumption of sugar products, biscuits, cakes, candies, chocolate …
The products fortified with phytoesterols as margarine for example, products recommended for people with too much cholesterol.
The lightweight are not recommended.
The consumption of sweeteners is not recommended.
Avoid consumption of peanuts in families of peanut allergies as can cause food allergies in babies.
Situations requiring medical advice on how to adopt food during pregnancy
A pregnant teenager A woman who looks twins or triplets
A woman who has had several pregnancies quarters
A woman who is vegetarian or Vegan (risk of deficiencies VIT D, VIT B12, iron, iodine, calcium. Women pregnant with twins, do not always eat enough.
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